“Socioeconomic Impacts of Rohingya Crisis in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh”

Abstract

Rohingya—an ethnic community displaced due to the enormous oppression and injustice inflicted by the state of Myanmar and their sudden crossing of borders towards the neighboring country of Bangladesh—has reshaped the social and economic landscape of the host communities in Ukhiya, Cox’s Bazar. This article analyzed the experiences and perceptions of the host community and how the prolonged influx of refugees has affected the everyday lives and livelihood of the residents living nearby the Balukhali and Kutupalong camps. Using a mixed-methods design, data were collected through a survey with 115 respondents, 15 in-depth case studies, and 1 key informant interview among the residents of Rajapalong union and nearby villages, Ukhiya. The findings of the study demonstrate that the Rohingya influx has had multiple impacts in the socio-economic spheres, including changes in the labor demand, loss of income for poorer households, higher cost of living, decreased access to food, water, and firewood, and pressures on education and health services. Respondents also reported heightened social disruption, crime, and security issues. The study argues that, while some groups are exceptionally benefitting from employment and business opportunities related to camps, holistic impacts are negative for the host population. Furthermore, the study calls for policies and planning to be executed regarding infrastructural development and sustainable solutions to the crisis. Repatriation with strict regulatory mechanisms is the most recommended solution to the crisis.