A Legal Analysis of Consumer Protection in the E-commerce Sector in Bangladesh

Abstract

The rapid expansion of e-commerce in Bangladesh has transformed consumer behaviour, while also raising urgent questions about legal safeguards in the digital marketplace. This article offers a legal analysis of the current consumer protection framework in Bangladesh, with a specific focus on its applicability and adequacy in the context of online transactions. The study adopts a doctrinal methodology, relying on secondary sources such as national legislation, case law, policy documents, and international best practices to critically assess existing legal provisions. Findings reveal that the Consumer Rights Protection Act (CRPA) 2009, which governs consumer protection in Bangladesh, is largely outdated in the face of emerging challenges posed by digital commerce. Key issues include the absence of data protection provisions, insufficient regulation of cross-border e-commerce, weak enforcement mechanisms, and limited institutional coordination. The analysis further highlights how legal ambiguity and administrative inefficiencies erode consumer trust and hinder sustainable e-commerce growth. The study argues that meaningful reform of consumer protection laws, aligned with digital realities and international standards, is essential. Strengthening the legal framework can empower consumers, ensure fair digital trade practices, and support long-term economic resilience. The article offers targeted recommendations aimed at legal modernisation and institutional capacity-building.